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一、CentOS 上部署Python3
1、安装依赖包2、官网下载python原码包
3、解压安装
4、修改配置文件
首先进入上一步解压的目录5、开始编译安装
6、配置共享库文文件
1)为所有用用户设置共享库目目录
#cd /usr/local/src/Python-3.6.5/#cp libpython3.6m.so.1.0 /usr/local/lib64/#cp libpython3.6m.so.1.0 /usr/lib/#cp libpython3.6m.so.1.0 /usr/lib64/2)刷新环境变量#source /etc/profile7、测试python
Python 3.6.5 (default, Mar 29 2019, 17:13:23)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.exit()
8、测试 pip3
pip 9.0.3 from /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)
二、使用第三方的虚拟工具 Virtualenvwrapper
2.1 安装virtualenvwrapper 提供了一系列命令使得和虚拟环境⼯作变得愉快许多。它把你所有的虚拟环境都放在一个地方。更重要的是,你只需运行一个命令即可进入到你的虚拟环境,就不必像之前需要先进如虚拟环境的目录下安装(确保 virtualenv 已经安装了)2.2 修改默认的环境目录:
alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'alias mv='mv -i'if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
. /etc/bashrcfi#指定解释器export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/local/bin/python3.6#这个可以自定义 虚拟环境存放目录export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenv#项目存放目录,需要自己创建export PROJECT_HOME=~/.virtualenv/project_data#自动加载virtualenvmrappersource /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh2.3 创建存放虚拟环境的目录
mkdir ~/.virtualenv2.4 初始化一下
2.5 基本使用: 创建一个虚拟环境:
2.6 退出虚拟环境:
deactivate[root@redis ld.so.conf.d]# workon test(test) [root@redis test]# deactivate2.7 进入虚拟环境:
[root@redis ld.so.conf.d]# workon python3test[root@redis ld.so.conf.d]# workon test(test) [root@redis test]#2.8 创建项目:
(test) [root@redis test]# mkproject test1Using base prefix '/usr/local'New python executable in /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/python3.6Also creating executable in /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/pythonInstalling setuptools, pip, wheel...done.virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/predeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/postdeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/preactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/postactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/test1/bin/get_env_detailsCreating /root/.virtualenv/project_data/test1Setting project for test1 to /root/.virtualenv/project_data/test1(test1) [root@redis test1]# ls(test1) [root@redis test1]# ls /root/.virtualenv/project_data/test test12.10列出当前环境安装的包:
lssitepackages:(test1) [root@redis test1]# lssitepackageseasy_install.py pip-19.0.3.dist-info pycache setuptools-40.8.0.dist-info wheel-0.33.1.dist-infopip pkg_resources setuptools wheel2.11 创建临时运行环境:
mktmpenv[root@redis test1]# mktmpenv Using base prefix '/usr/local'New python executable in /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/python3.6Also creating executable in /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/pythonInstalling setuptools, pip, wheel...done.virtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/predeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/postdeactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/preactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/postactivatevirtualenvwrapper.user_scripts creating /root/.virtualenv/tmp-4aa130f4957b04a/bin/get_env_detailsThis is a temporary environment. It will be deleted when you run 'deactivate'.2.12 临时环境退出即删除:
(tmp-4aa130f4957b04a) [root@redis tmp-4aa130f4957b04a]# deactivate Removing temporary environment: tmp-4aa130f4957b04aRemoving tmp-4aa130f4957b04a...2.13 删除虚拟环境:
rmvirtualenv[root@redis .virtualenv]# workon python3test1test[root@redis .virtualenv]# rmvirtualenv python3Removing python3...[root@redis .virtualenv]# workon test1test2.14 在虚拟环境安装包
所有的虚拟环境都在 ~/.virtualenv/project_data下,都是独立的,互不影响,在虚拟环境中安装包,使用pip即可,无需root权限[root@redis .virtualenv]# workon test(test) [root@redis test]# pip install seleniumCollecting seleniumDownloading (904kB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 911kB 15kB/s Collecting urllib3 (from selenium)Downloading (118kB)100% |████████████████████████████████| 122kB 11kB/s Installing collected packages: urllib3, seleniumSuccessfully installed selenium-3.141.0 urllib3-1.24.1(test) [root@redis test]# pip list
Package Versionpip 19.0.3
selenium 3.141.0setuptools 40.8.0 urllib3 1.24.1 wheel 0.33.1(test) [root@redis test]# deactivate切换到env_python3.6查看《没有selenium包》:
[root@redis test]# workon test1(test1) [root@redis test1]# pip listPackage Versionpip 19.0.3
setuptools 40.8.0 wheel 0.33.1转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/1054054/2371484